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Plagiarism

Intentional Plagiarism

The intentional act of passing off someone else's work or ideas as your own. This can include:

  • Having or paying someone else to write your paper
  • Purchasing, copying, or downloading a pre-written paper
  • Intentionally not using quotes or citing sources
  • Making up (fabricating quotes and sources)
  • Self-plagiarism

https://holyfamily.libguides.com/c.php?g=610218&p=4236572

Unintentional Plagiarism

An unintentional act of plagiarism, such as the failure to properly cite sources, is still plagiarism. This can include:

  • Copying from another source without citing the source
  • Using the source too closely when paraphrasing
  • Failure to give credit to the source through use of quotation marks, parenthetical citations, footnotes, works cited/reference/or bibliography lists

                                                           libresources.Wichita.edu/plagiarism/home

Accidental Plagiarism

Accidental Plagiarism is a form on Unintentional Plagiarism and can be common in student research projects. It often occurs in one of these situations: failure to properly cite sources or using the source too closely when paraphrasing.

Whether the act of plagiarism is intentional or unintentional, it is still plagiarism and can be subject to some form of penalty. Therefore, it is important to develop good citation, quotation, and paraphrasing skills in order to avoid the pitfalls of accidental plagiarism. 

https://libraries.wichita.edu/plagiarism

Self-Plagiarism

As the title indicates, Self-Plagiarism occurs when something already published or submitted for a class is reused without proper citation. Depending on the student, this can be either Intentional or Unintentional Plagiarism. The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines self-plagiarism as "the reuse of one's own words, ideas, or artistic expression (as in an essay) from preexisting material especially without acknowledgement of their earlier use".

For students hoping to use portions of previous work in a current project, two suggestions are:

  1. Discuss this with your professor to make sure reusing your own work is acceptable for that assignment
  2. If the professor grants permission, follow proper citation procedures as you would for all your other sources

The ASU Student Handbook describes Self-Plagiarism as:

"The submission of the same academic work more than once without the prior permission of the instructor and/or failure to correctly cite previous work written by the same student."                        

ASU Student Handbook Part I, Section 1, Item 2b

Complete Plagiarism

This is a form of intentional plagiarism in which the entire document is plagiarized. This most commonly occurs when a paper is written by one person then another person places their name on the paper and submits it as if it was their own work.

Complete plagiarism also occurs when a paper is purchased from another person or company and submitted as another person's work.

https://web.njit.edu/~lipuma/Plagiarism.htm

Direct or Clone Plagiarism

Direct Plagiarism, also known as Clone Plagiarism, is similar to Complete Plagiarism. In this case a word-for-word copy of a section is included in the paper but the passage does not include quotes or proper attribution by citing the source. This can be either Intentional or Unintentional Plagiarism.

The SAGE Glossary of the Social and Behavioral Sciences

Mosaic or Patchwork Plagiarism

Mosaic Plagiarism, also known as Patchwork Plagiarism, is a form of indirect plagiarism that commonly occurs as accidental plagiarism due to poor paraphrasing. This happens when phrases and passages from multiple sources are mingled "together with minimal changes, and then presenting the product as a new contribution".

The SAGE Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods (Vol. 3.)

Source-based Plagiarism

Source-based Plagiarism occurs when a researcher cites the wrong source, such as using quoted or paraphrased information from a source and not citing the original source of the quoted/paraphrased passage.

Source-based Plagiarism also occurs when citing sources that do not exit.

What to and What not to do: A Primer on Research Misconduct